{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/manifest","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":"Huli Kakou - a benefit for Hawaii's people","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488/full/167%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"attribution":"University of Hawaii at Manoa Digital Image Collection","related":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/show/31251","format":"text/html"},"metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"Huli Kakou - a benefit for Hawaii's people"},{"label":"Subject","value":"Hawaii--History--1959-"},{"label":"Creator","value":"Kelly, John"},{"label":"Date","value":"1972-07-23"},{"label":"Format","value":"pamphlet"},{"label":"Type","value":"Image"},{"label":"Extent","value":"8"},{"label":"Full Text","value":"Kokua Hawaii is   a revolutionary organization dedicated to the liberation of our people and our land. We   come from different islands in the   Hawaiian chain-- we come from various     backgrounds. We have united in  collective struggle to build a disciplined   organization capable of a long battle for freedom and justice.Divisions exist within our people-div-isions of class, race, sex, age . We must close our ranks and unite by dealing with the conflicts that    exist among our people in a compassionate principled way. We must willingly and openly accept criticism in our work.Capitalism, u. s.  statehood and middle class dreams have caused frustrations and misery for our  local people. When we become homeless, jobless and landless in our own home land--we begin to see our lives in a different way, and we become open to new political ideas.   Since July 1970 the members of Kokua Hawaii have been engaged in struggles such  as Kalama Valley,   Halawa Eviction, Ota Camp Eviction,   and the Ethnic Studies Program at the University, There are many more struggles that lie ahead  and we intend to participate in any way possible.The poor and working people of Hawaii suffer daily oppression and we  must organize ourselves to prevent the rich businessmen from doing their thing--exploitation of poor and working people.In   order to organize we need KALA! This is the purpose of the concert, we must raise funds for equipment(bull-horns, cameras, film, tapes) com -munity programs, office materials, bail funds, travel money to do    research on the outer islands and begin health clinics.Ma halo for your Kokua._________________________________________________________________Many   ethnic       groups         make    up Hawaii's people today;most of them share a common   history    as workers who    built    Hawaii.First came the Polynesians, bringing their culture.   Centuries   later  they became Hawaiians with a culture their own.At the time the Europeans arrived, Hawaiians numbered about 300,000. Life revolved around providing for the basic needs of the people .   The  land and things of nature were regarded    as sacred.   People knew that by  taking care of the land,   the land would provide for all.   No one went homeless or hungry. Everyone worked together, shared what they had with each other, and all    had a deep respect for life, for man, land and nature.Europeans   came to the Pacific looking for new ways to make money. They traded mirrors, beads and pieces of  metal for sea-otter furs from the Indians   on the northwest coast of America.     They sold the   furs   in China  for  thousands of dollars. They came to Hawaii and   traded iron nails for cano e loads of vegetables , fresh water and thousands of pounds    of pork which they salted.   They   traded whisky, old boats and cloth for   tons   of sandalwood that the  Hawaiians  had to cut, drag down from the forests and load on the merchants' ships.Weakened by the destruction of their economy and life style, thousands died from European diseases.   Others were killed in battles led by chiefs using European guns and canon for European ideas of conquest.   With terrible bloodshed, Kamehameha's army conquered all theislands except Kauai.   Kamehameha separated many survivors from their families and homelands.Defeated, exploited and weakened by wars and famine, the people fell easy victims to new diseases.   The Hawaiian population decreased rapidly.Under Kamehameha II, the kapu system--the rules for taking care of the land and the people--was abolished.The missionaries   arrived  in 1820 to bring \"Christianity to the heathens. \" Hawaiians were told their way of living was   evil, their   gods bad, and their values wrong.   Demoralized, the Hawaiians joined the church and abandoned the life that had once made their people thrive and their land productive.Merchants and traders, having grown rich on the labor of the Hawaiians, looked around for new workers to exploit. They imported cheap labor from China, Japan, Korea, the South-sea Islands,   Portugal, Spain and Puerto Rico.With  the help of the missionaries who wrote   new  laws; the Hawaiian system of land use was abolished.   Land, once available to all who needed it, now    became private property.    Millions    of acres went to  the king, a few chiefs and to wealthy merchants and planters.   The 1     to 2-acre lots assigned to a few thousand Hawaiians were not enough to support a family.    Most Hawaiians    were forced to sell their labor and land  to survive.    Many others lost their land because they didn't have money to pay taxes levied on their land, their houses, and animals. They were also required to pay a school tax, a road tax, and a poll tax._________________________________________________________________Those who had the money -- the Americans and the Europeans--bought land-, those who didn't--the Hawaiians-- became strangers in their own homeland.Sugar plantations got bigger.   Bad living and working conditions on the plantations and low wages caused misery and hardship among the workers.   They had been promised many things that they didn't get.Some workers escaped, others who tried to get away were captured by the police and returned to the plantations.Sugar bosses, fearful of the strength of united workers, used the old techniques of divide and conquor; they spread lies about each group, stereotyping them as lazy, crafty, or dirty. They paid workers different wage rates for the same work.Not satisfied with taking over the land, the businessmen and missionaries plotted against the Hawaiian Kingdom. With violence and force they took over the Government, imprisoned Queen Liliuo-kalani, and marched the American marines into the city to intimidate the people.When Spain lost control of the Philippine Islands in 1898, America jumped in and took over.   Thousands of Filipinos were brought to Hawaii as cheap labor for the sugar and pineapple plantations.The first attempts of the workers to fight against the oppressive plantation bosses were organized along racial lines and were easily destroyed.   The bosses used scabs from other racial groups and the police to break strikes.Only when all groups united and struggled together did they win a better life.The needs of the people have always been secondary to the wants of the rich.In the early days the Hawaiian people struggled against oppressive chiefs. They joined with workers from other ethnic groups on the plantations to struggle for a decent life.Hawaii's peoples have a common history of hard work and struggle to get what is justly ours.Today Hawaii is still controlled by a handful of powerful businessmen and militarists.They are still trying to push our people around.   We have seen this in Kalama Valley, Halawa Housing, Kahaluu and Ota Camp.We must stand united and fight together to provide for our people and protect our land.We must fight against i:!l invasions of our land.   We cannot let them strip us of the heritage that is rightfully ours and our childrens.The real struggle is only just beginning!KA   'AINA  NO  KA   PO'E   O  HAWAII I ( The land for the people of Hawaii)ALL   POWER   TO   HAWAII'S   POOR AND  WORKING   PEOPLE '."}],"sequences":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/sequence/normal","@type":"sc:Sequence","label":"Current Page Order","viewingDirection":"left-to-right","viewingHint":"paged","canvases":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-286medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35487/full/166%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35487","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2081,"height":2513,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0001-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35487/full/662%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2081,"height":2513,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35487","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p1"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p2","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-287medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488/full/167%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2057,"height":2465,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0002-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488/full/668%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2057,"height":2465,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35488","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p2"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p3","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-288medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35489/full/166%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35489","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2017,"height":2433,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0003-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35489/full/663%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2017,"height":2433,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35489","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p3"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p4","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-289medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35490/full/168%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35490","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2009,"height":2385,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0004-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35490/full/674%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2009,"height":2385,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35490","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p4"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p5","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-291medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35491/full/167%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35491","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2009,"height":2401,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0005-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35491/full/669%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2009,"height":2401,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35491","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p5"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p6","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-292medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35492/full/163%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35492","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":1961,"height":2401,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0006-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35492/full/653%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":1961,"height":2401,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35492","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p6"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p7","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-293medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35493/full/168%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35493","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":2081,"height":2481,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0007-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35493/full/671%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":2081,"height":2481,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35493","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p7"}]},{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p8","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"30-290medium.jpg","thumbnail":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35494/full/159%2C200/0/default.jpg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35494","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"width":1913,"height":2401,"images":[{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/annotation/p0008-image","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35494/full/637%2C800/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","width":1913,"height":2401,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif-img/35494","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/iiif/31251/canvas/p8"}]}]}]}